Overlooked for much of the last 100 years as too cold, too remote, too ice-ridden, and too difficult and too dangerous, the Northwest Passage is once again inviting attention, inspiring dreams, attracting investment and causing political tensions.
Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen demonstrated in 1903–1905 the existence of what was to that point the mythical Northwest Passage by travelling east to west through Canada’s Arctic Archipelago. But when the Panama Canal finally opened in 1914, it offered a faster transit option between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans — one that didn’t involve hull-crushing ice. The heat was off the Northwest Passage as the answer to East-West shipping and transportation.
Even when Canadian schooner St. Roch set out from Vancouver 85 years ago on a two-year west-to-east voyage through the passage, and in 1944, became the first vessel to return through the same archipelago (but by a more northerly route), a regular northern sea route over the top of North America remained on the back burner.
But climate change has changed the equation ...
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